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Resource Profile: Observation - HDDT Blood Pressure Value

Profile for capturing blood pressure value as FHIR Observation resources.

This profile defines the exchange of blood pressure value data for the Mandatory Interoperable Value (MIV) "Blood Pressure Monitoring" which is technically defined by the ValueSet hddt-miv-blood-pressure-value. This MIV is e.g. implemented by automated sphygmomanometers (oszillometric, auscultatory) that can connect to a Personal Health Gateway (e.g. a mobile app for tracking blood pressure values) through wireless communication.

Blood pressure measurements consist of multiple components: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and optionally mean blood pressure. This profile uses the LOINC panel code #85354-9 “Blood pressure panel with all children optional” defined in the MIV hddt-miv-blood-pressure-value to represent the complete measurement.

Obligations and Conventions:

Each Blood Pressure Measurement MUST hold a reference to a Personal Health Device Device resource. Blood pressure devices typically do not require calibration.

This profile inherits from the FHIR Blood Pressure profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/bp) and adds HDDT-specific constraints. The blood pressure components (systolic and diastolic are mandatory; mean is optional) are inherited from the parent profile with the MeanBP component added as an optional slice. Each component MUST include a value in mmHg (millimeters of mercury).

Caution: For privacy and data protection, the subject reference MUST only use pseudonymized or anonymized identifiers. Direct patient identification is not permitted.

Constraints applied:

• status is restricted to final
• code.coding[BPCode] is constrained to ValueSet HddtMivBloodPressureValue containing LOINC panel code 85354-9
• component cardinality is set to 2..3 to require systolic and diastolic components (inherited from parent), with mean blood pressure as optional
• component[MeanBP] is added as an optional slice (0..1) for mean blood pressure with LOINC code 8478-0
• Each component’s valueQuantity MUST use UCUM code mm[Hg] for the unit
• device is mandatory and restricted to reference only HddtPersonalHealthDevice

Usages:

• Examples for this Profile: Observation/example-blood-pressure-value

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-de-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	Measurement status Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:loinc	Σ	1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required) Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
effective[x]	ΣC	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: vs-de-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
Slices for component	ΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-de-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:SystolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8480-6
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:DiastolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8462-4
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:meanBP	ΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8478-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code	Base	required	UCUM Vitals Common DE	📦1.5.4	de.basisprofil.r4 v1.5
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-de-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	If Observation.effective[x] has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	(($this is dateTime) implies ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.start.exists() implies ($this.start as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.end.exists() implies ($this.end as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10)
vs-de-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-de-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP, Observation.component:meanBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() xor dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from VitalSignDE_Blutdruck

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions
status	S	1..1	code	Measurement status Fixed Value: final
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
Slices for coding				Content/Rules for all slices
coding:loinc		1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required)
coding:snomed		0..0		Code defined by a terminology system
subject		1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
Slices for component				Content/Rules for all slices
component:SystolicBP		1..1	BackboneElement	Component results
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Slices for value[x]				Content/Rules for all slices
value[x]:valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
component:DiastolicBP		1..1	BackboneElement	Component results
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Slices for value[x]				Content/Rules for all slices
value[x]:valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-de-2
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	Measurement status Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:loinc	Σ	1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required) Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	ΣC	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: vs-de-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	ΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-de-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:SystolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8480-6
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:DiastolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8462-4
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:meanBP	ΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8478-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code	Base	required	UCUM Vitals Common DE	📦1.5.4	de.basisprofil.r4 v1.5
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-de-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	If Observation.effective[x] has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	(($this is dateTime) implies ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.start.exists() implies ($this.start as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.end.exists() implies ($this.end as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10)
vs-de-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-de-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP, Observation.component:meanBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() xor dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from VitalSignDE_Blutdruck

Summary

Mandatory: 1 element
Must-Support: 6 elements
Fixed: 1 element
Prohibited: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Device – Personal Health Device (https://gematik.de/fhir/hddt/StructureDefinition/hddt-personal-health-device)

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-de-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	Measurement status Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:loinc	Σ	1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required) Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
effective[x]	ΣC	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: vs-de-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
Slices for component	ΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-de-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:SystolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8480-6
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:DiastolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8462-4
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
component:meanBP	ΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8478-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code	Base	required	UCUM Vitals Common DE	📦1.5.4	de.basisprofil.r4 v1.5
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-de-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	If Observation.effective[x] has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	(($this is dateTime) implies ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.start.exists() implies ($this.start as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.end.exists() implies ($this.end as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10)
vs-de-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-de-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP, Observation.component:meanBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() xor dataAbsentReason.exists()

Differential View

This structure is derived from VitalSignDE_Blutdruck

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions
status	S	1..1	code	Measurement status Fixed Value: final
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
Slices for coding				Content/Rules for all slices
coding:loinc		1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required)
coding:snomed		0..0		Code defined by a terminology system
subject		1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
Slices for component				Content/Rules for all slices
component:SystolicBP		1..1	BackboneElement	Component results
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Slices for value[x]				Content/Rules for all slices
value[x]:valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
component:DiastolicBP		1..1	BackboneElement	Component results
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Slices for value[x]				Content/Rules for all slices
value[x]:valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	VitalSignDE_Blutdruck	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-de-2
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	Measurement status Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of blood pressure measurement Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Specifies the type of blood pressure measurement using codes from the ValueSet for blood pressure measurements.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:loinc	Σ	1..1	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: Blood Pressure Value from LOINC (required) Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Patient reference in anonymized or pseudonymized form only
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	ΣC	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: vs-de-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device	S	1..1	Reference(Device – Personal Health Device)	Reference to the blood pressure measurement device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	ΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-de-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:SystolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8480-6
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:DiastolicBP	ΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8462-4
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:meanBP	ΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Component results Constraints: vs-de-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 8478-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code.coding:loinc	Base	required	Blood Pressure Value from LOINC	📦1.0.0-rc2	This IG
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code	Base	required	UCUM Vitals Common DE	📦1.5.4	de.basisprofil.r4 v1.5
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:meanBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📦4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-de-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	If Observation.effective[x] has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	(($this is dateTime) implies ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.start.exists() implies ($this.start as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10) and ($this.end.exists() implies ($this.end as dateTime).toString().length() >= 10)
vs-de-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-de-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP, Observation.component:meanBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() xor dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from VitalSignDE_Blutdruck

Summary

Mandatory: 1 element
Must-Support: 6 elements
Fixed: 1 element
Prohibited: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Device – Personal Health Device (https://gematik.de/fhir/hddt/StructureDefinition/hddt-personal-health-device)